Friday, June 15, 2007

Indentured Servants and African Slaves

Regardless of their country of origin, many early immigrants were indentured servants, people who sold their labor in exchange for passage to the New World and housing on their arrival. While researching indentured servants and slaves I found a few interesting facts. There were many laws regarding indentured servants and slaves in the 1600s; some applying to both genders and some enforced upon only men or women. For example, Women servants who produced children by their masters could be punished by having to do two years of servitude with the churchwardens after the expiration of the term with their masters. This particular law was passed in Virginia in 1662; however similar laws were enforced in many different areas.
I was also curious to know about how many indentured servants and slaves there were; considering Europeans were very dependent on servant and slave labor for survival. I came across some interesting information. It is estimated that Carolina merchants operating out of Charles Town shipped an estimated 30,000 to 50,000 Indian captives between 1670 and 1715 in a profitable slave trade with the Caribbean, Spanish Hispaniola, and northern colonies. And because of the higher transportation costs of bringing slaves from Africa, whites in the northern colonies sometimes preferred Indian slaves, especially Indian women and children, to black slaves. Carolina actually exported as many or even more Indian slaves than it imported enslaved Africans prior to 1720. The usual exchange rate of captive Indians for enslaved Africans was two or three Indians to one African.

3 comments:

quintonk said...

The exchange rate for african slaves to natives is very interesting. Do you know what made natives more valuable?

Corban said...

I wonder if it has anything to do with the natives being familiar with the terrain, whereas African slaves are completely foreign and ignorant to American agricultural practices..

Tai Edwards said...

Good research Jessica. And what event was going in on South Carolina between 1715-1717? The Yamassee War.

I believe your post is saying, in slave trading one African slave had the same value as 2-3 Native slaves, which made Native slaves more affordable - could get more slaves for the same money. Native slaves did not have to be transported across the ocean.